Sr.No.	Name of Variety	Year of Release	Potential (kg/ha)	Maturity Days	Notification No.
1	Gujarat Makai – 1	1988	2870	80-85	1135 (E)/1-12-88
2	Gujarat Makai – 2	1995	2830	85-90	7-2/95-SD IV
3	Gujarat Makai – 3 (For Rabi Season)	1999	5525	110-115	S.O.937 (E) 04-09-2002
4	Gujarat Makai – 4	2000	2960	85-90	CNKH-10-2001–ISI 2001-G,36-K,6,30-5-2001
5	Gujarat Makai – 6	2002	2443	75-80	S.0.283 (E) 12-3-2003
6	Narmada Moti (National Release)	2002	4038	85-90	S.0.937(E)04-09-2003

Recognition / Award received by the Plant Breeding discipline.
Awarded first prize Sardar Patel Agriculture Research Award 2000-01 in Plant Breeding & Genetics

for development of Gujarat Makai-3, a winter maize variety and saved in puts.

Research recommendations for the Farmers ( 1984 onwards)

A. Plant Breeding & Genetics :

(1) Gujarat Makai-1 (GM-1)

It was released in the year 1988 and has been notified. It is an early maturing, high yielding with good adaptability in white maize growing rainfed areas of the state comprising the districts of Godhra, Dahod, Vadodara, Kheda and Anand. It possesses tolerance against leaf blight disease.

(2) Gujarat Makai-2 (GM-2)

This variety was released in the year 1995 and has been notified. The variety is recommended exclusively for yellow maize growing tribal farmers of the districts of Sabarkantha and Banaskantha in north Gujarat. The yield potentiality of this improved cultivar is 2830 Kg/ha. It has better tolerant against major diseases viz. Leaf Spot and Brown Stripe Downey Mildew as compared to checks GM-1 and Farm Sameri.

(3) Gujarat Makai – 3 (GM – 3)

This variety was released in the year 1999 for pre-rabi / rabi maize cultivation in the state. The variety has been notified.The said composite observed to be superior in yield (5525 Kg/ha) by 21.6 per cent and 3.8 per cent and also in earliness by 2.4 and 12.6 days over GM-1 and Ganga Safed – 2, respectively. It was also observed to be moderately resistant to Turcicum leaf blight and late wilt diseases.

(4) Gujarat Makai – 4 (GM – 4)

It is 31.0 percent superior in grain yield (2960 Kg/ha) over GM-1. It is also 6.8 days earlier in days to 50 percent silking over the check Ganga Safed – 2. It has better tolerance against insect / pest R. herculea corti. It possesses resistance against the diseases, viz., Maydiys leaf blight, Brown stripe downey mildew and curvularia leaf spot. The grain is white in colour and flint type, which is highly preferred by maize growers of Middle Gujarat Zone.

(5) Narmada Moti

It is a composite variety developed by MMRS, Godhra centre and released by Project Director, Directorate of Maize, IARI, New Delhi in the year of 2002. It is an early maturing, high yielding, white flint type variety and proved good for cultivation under low “N” soil fertility and rainfed situation. It is found superior in grain yield (4038 Kg/ha) by 13.7 percent over national check Surya. The variety has been notified. It is found moderately tolerant to C.partellus pest and resistant to Maydiys leaf blight and Turcicum leaf blight. This variety is recommended for cultivation in Zone-II (U.P., Punjab, Haryana, Delhi), Zone-IV (A.P., Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Zone-V (Rajasthan, M.P., and Gujarat).

(6) Gujarat Makai – 6 (GM – 6)

It was released for cultivation in the year 2002 for Gujarat State white maize growing areas. The noteworthy features of this variety are that, it is developed and thoroughly evaluated through Farmers Participatory Plant Breeding (PPB) approach. It is an extra early (75-80 days), drought escaping and white flint grained composite variety for marginal environment of tribal belt of Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh states of India. It has also better resistance to Maydiys leaf blight, Brown stripe downy mildew and Curvularia leaf spot.

B. Plant Breeding

Sr. No.	Name of Recommendation		Year of Recom-mendation
1	Intercropping in Maize
	(A)	The farmers of Panchmahal district of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone growing maize Farm sameri are recommended to take Tur variety BDN-2 as an intercrop in the ratio of 1:1 as a distance of 45 cm. between rows with fertilizer application of 80 Kg N & 40 Kg P₂O₅/ha.	1991
	(B)	The farmer of Agro climatic Zone –III (AES-II) are recommended to application of fertilizer i.e. zero application to main crop pigeon pea and 100 % fertilizer application (100 kg Nitrogen + 50 kg P₂O₅/ha.) to inter crop maize necessary to p.p. based intercropping system.	1997
	(C)	Intercropping on maize crop in North Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone under rainfed condition. The farmers of North Gujarat Agro climatic Zone-IV (AES-I) growing Groundnut, Tur, Castor, Green gram, Til and Black gram as an intercrop in kharif maize in the ratio of 2:1 are advised to grow Maize-castor intercrop for securing gross realization of Rs. 20283(CBR 1:2.58) or of maize-Tur intercrop having gross realization of Rs.12850 (CBR: 1:2.53)	2001
2	Sprinkler irrigation on maize The farmers of Middle Gujarat Zone growing winter maize are advised to irrigate their crop with sprinkler to get about Rs. 1250 extra income per hectare and save about 40 % irrigation water with sprinkler spaced at 12 m grid. They should operate the system for 2.5 hrs. to apply 40 mm depth of water.		1992
3	Sowing dates of Rabi maize The farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone are advised to plant recommended hybrid varieties of Rabi maize during first week of November to get the maximum grain yield and highest net returns. Delayed sowing levels to substantial reduction in yields and net return.		1992
4	Spacing & Nitrogen in Rabi maize Farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-Climatic Zone are advised to sow hybrid maize with 60 cm spacing between two rows and fertilized the crop with 100 kg N /ha for getting higher net return.		1993
5	Time of Application of Fertilizer & Levels The maize growing farmers of Middle Gujarat Zone are advised to apply 60 kg N in three splits (30 kg Basal +15 kg At knee height +15 kg At tesseling) and 30 kg P₂O₅ (basal) per ha. in early maize varieties.		199
6	Irrigation in Rabi maize & Nitrogen Management The Rabi maize growing farmers of Middle Gujarat are advised to give 11 irrigations. The first irrigation should be at sowing, followed by the second one 20 days later. Subsequently 7 irrigations should be given at 10 to 12 days interval and last two should be weekly interval. The crop needs to be fertilized with 120 Kg N / ha.		1998
7	Integrated Weed Management in Rabi Maize The farmers of Middle Gujarat Zone growing Rabi maize are advised to apply Atrazine @1.0 Kg /ha. As pre-emergence along with 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS in order to get the maximum profit and effective control of weed.		1998
8	Integrated Nutrient Management in Kharif Maize The farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone growing early maize during Kharif season are advised to apply 5 tone FYM in furrow in addition to recommended dose of fertilizer (60: 30 Kg N & P₂O₅ / ha.).		1998
9	Phosphorus response in hybrid maize The farmers of Middle Gujarat Zone growing hybrid maize in Kharif season are advised to apply 40 Kg P₂O₅ / ha at the time of sowing for realizing 44 % higher profit. The crop should be fertilized with recommended dose of N.		1998
10	Nutrient Management The farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone growing early maize in Kharif season are advised to apply 60 Kg N and 40 Kg P₂O₅ / ha.		1999
11	Use of Biofertilizer Farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone (AES-II) growing Kharif maize are advised to inoculate the seeds of maize with Azotobacter (ABA-1) Biofertilizer culture (25 gm/1 Kg) seed containing 10 CFU/gram carriers along with 80 Kg N/ha to get maximum yield and net realization.		2001
12	Date of Sowing Farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone-III (AES-II) growing Kharif maize are advised to sow the maize crop on 15^th of June (on set of monsoon) to minimize the Maydis leaf blight (2.38%), Brown stripe downy mildew (1.81 %) disease incidence and Dead heart (3.9 %) for getting significantly highest grain (2853 Kg/ha, ICBR 1:3.0) and fodder (3580 Kg/ha) yield.		2001
13	Maize Based Cropping System The farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone - III (AES-II) growing Rabi crops after Kharif maize are advised to adopt maize (K) onion ® cropping system to get maximum net income (Rs. 36636.00 / ha CBR 1: 2.62) Where sufficient irrigation water is available. However, where the irrigation water is limited they should adopt maize – gram-cropping system.		2001
14	Effect of Spacing and Nitrogen on Rabi : SWEET CORN The farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone-III (AES-II) growing Sweet corn (Cv. Madhuri) for green cobs in Rabi season are advised to sow the crop at 45 cm. row spacing and fertilizer it with 120 Kg N/ha in order to obtain higher yield and net return.		2002
15	Efficiency of Multi-Micronutrient Formulation in Improving Crop Production The farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone-III (AES-II) growing Kharif maize (Var. GM-4) on soils having marginal Fe – 6%, Mn – 1%, Zn – 4, Cu – 0.3 % and B – 0.5 % equivalent to Govt. notified grade – II (for Fe – deficiency) at 30, 45 and 60 DAS to get higher yield and net return. Alternately, the farmers are advised to use soil application of micronutrient mixture grade (20 Kg/ha) having Fe- 2%, Mn- 0.5%, Zn – 5 %, Cu- 0.5 % and B – 0.5 % equivalent to Govt. notified general grade of soil application at the time of sowing.		2003
16	Effect of Phosphorus on the Grain yield of Hybrid Maize under Rainfed Condition in the North Gujarat Kharif are of North Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone –IV (AES-1) growing hybrid maize in Kharif are advised to give 60 Kg P₂O₅/ha with the recommended dose of nitrogen (100 Kg/ha) to get maximum net return of 13122.00/ha with CBR 1: 2.59.		2004
17	Studies on the Impact of Harvesting of Maize Different Stages of Crop Growth for Grain and Fodder yield under Rainfed Condition The farmers of Middle Gujarat Zone – III (AES-II) and North Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone – IV (AES-I) growing Kharif maize for grain as well as fodder purpose are advised to grow the crop at the 30 cm row spacing with 90 Kg N/ha and pull out the plants at 10 days interval commencing from 20 DAS at the rate of 10% upto 50 DAS (40 % plant) to get higher net realization.		2004
18.	Irrigation scheduling in rabi maize. The maize growing farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic zone-II (AES-II) are advised to give total 7 irrigations of 60 mm depth in rabi season for securing higher yield and net return. The first, second and third irrigation should be given at the time of sowing, at the time of sowing, at 6 DAS, and at 30 DAS respectively. The remaining four irrigations should be applied at 15 days interval to get higher yield and net return (CBR-1:2.15). (Withholding irrigation at silking stage is detrimental to maize yield).		2007
19.	Response of maize variety Gujarat Maize – 3 to irrigation, nitrogen and phosphorus The farmers of middle Gujarat agro-climatic zone-III (AES-III) growing maize (cv. GM-3) are advised to apply 120 kg N + 60 kg P2O5 per ha and irrigate at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio (total 7 irrigations each of 60 mm depth) in rabi season for securing higher yield and net return. First irrigation should be given at the time of sowing. second at 6 DAS and remaining 5 at 20 days interval.		2008

C. Plant Pathology:

IMPACT OF BIO FERTILIZER APPLICATION AND SOWING TIME ON YIELD OF KHARIF MAIZE

Farmers of middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone are advised to treat maize seeds with Azosgirillum (ASA-1) (ICBR 1 143 Rs.) @ 25 gm/kg phosphorus/ha as basal dose and seeding in second fortnight of June onset of monsoon to escape from maydis leaf blight, brown stripe downy mildew and dead heart diseases for getting higher grain and fodder yields. (Year 2001)

ASSESSMENT OF AVOIDABLE GRAIN YIELD LOSSES CAUSED DUE TO TURCICUM LEAF BLIGHT (TLB)

Under middle Gujarat Agro-climatic conditions, the turcicum leaf blight (TLB) disease incited by Helminthosporiumturcicum caused 17.75 percent loss in grain yield when maize is grown under Rabi season. Further spaying of mancozeb (75 wp) 0.2% helped to increase the grain yield by 21.58% with 30.18 % reduction in turcicum leaf blight disease intensity over check. (Year Rabi 1995-96-97)

ASSESSMENT OF AVOIDABLE GRAIN YIELD LOSS CAUSED DUE TO BROWN STRIPE DOWNY MILDEW (BSDM) IN KHARIF MAIZE.

Under middle Gujarat Agro-climatic conditions treating the seed with Apron 35 ws @ 7 gm/Kg seed and then after followed with three foliar application of Ridomil MZ 72 wp at 45,55 and 65 DAS helped to increase the grain yield by 14.76 % with 25.49 % reduction in brown stripe downy mildew disease intensity over check.

D. . Entomology

Higher grain yield (1923 Kg/ha) with lowest percent heart (4.0%) was recorded in plot where egg parasite Trichoframa chilonis released 7 DAG followed by neem seed kernel spray (5.0%), 10-12 DAG and then after 2^nd release of egg parasite Trichoframa chilonis 15 DAG.

Year	GM-1	GM-2	GM-3	GM-4	GM-6	N.Moti	PEH-1	Madhuri	Amber
1997	100	100	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1998	600	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1999	490	600	680	260	160	-	-	-	-
2000	490	600	1139	438	-	-	-	-	-
2001	-	520	445 1763*	730	860*	800	1100*	-	-
2002	-	2520*	720	1010	250 2959*	450	52	-	-
2003	-	900	50 465*	500	380 1830*	800	-	396	-
2004	-	-	1200	1200	1500 2000*	2500	-	340	-
2005	-	-	738 2700*	847	1830 158*	2679	-	340	-
2006	-	616	1133	300	1708 3955*	1721	-	330*	-
2007	-	250 700*	9100 10000*	500 1500*	3700 400*	700 1100*	-	400*	-
2008	-	788	180	240 940*	1400 5950*	200	-	210	304