Year

Crop / non- crop situations

Recommendations

1984

Isabgul

Isoproturon @ 0.50 kg/ha as pre-sowing at 5 days before sowing of the crop or as pre-emergence

1986

Maize

Atrazine @ 1.0 kg/ha as pre-emergence or two hand weeding at 15 and 30 days after sowing

1986

Potato

Fluchloralin 1.0 kg/ha as pre-emergence

1986

Rice

Benthiocarb @ 1.0 kg/ha or oxadiazon @ 0.75 kg/ha at 5 days after transplanting in 5 cm deep standing water to be maintained up to 3 days

1987

Groundnut

Two hand weeding at 30 and 45 days after sowing or pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha or fluchloralin @ 1.50 kg/ha as pre-emergence

1987

Cumin

Two hand weeding at 15 and 30 days after sowing or fluchloralin @ 0.75 kg/ha or pendimethalin @1.0 kg/ha as pre-emergence

1988

Lucerne

Two hand weeding at 20 and 60 days after sowing or oxadiazon @ 0.50 kg/ha as pre-emergence

1988

Pearl millet

Atrazine @ 0.50- 1.0 kg/ha as per emergence or HW at 15 and 30 DAS

1989

Cotton

Four interculturing and hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 and 90 days after sowing or fluchloralin @ 1.0 - 1.125 kg/ha as either pre-emergence or pre-plant incorporation fb two inter-culturing operations

1990

Onion

Fluchloralin @ 1.0 kg/ha or pendimethalin @1.0 kg/ha as pre-transplant or post-transplant (3 days before or after) or two hand weeding at 30 and 60 days after transplant

1994

Wheat

Keep weed free crop up to 30 days after sowing for getting higher grain yield.

1994

Mustard

Keep mustard crop weed free up to 30 DAS

1994

Wheat

Keep wheat  crop weed free up to 30 DAS

1996

Groundnut

Two hand weeding and interculturing at 20 and 45 days after sowing or fluchloralin, pendimethalin, alachlor or metolachlor any one herbicide @ 1.0 kg/ha as pre-emergence fb interculturing at 45 days after sowing

1996

Wheat

2,4-D (Na-salt or ester form) @ 0.75 kg/ha as post-emergence at 30 days after sowing  or pendimethalin @ 0.5-1.0 kg/ha as pre-emergence

1997

Lucerne

Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg/ha at 10 days after sowing for effective control of Cuscuta spp.

1997

Chicory

Fluchloralin or trifluralin @ 0.50 kg/ha as pre-plant incorporation integrated with one hand weeding at 45 days after sowing

1999

Green gram

Fluchloralin @ 0.50 kg/ha or pendimethalin @ 0.50 kg/ha or oxadiazon @ 0.25 kg/ha as pre-emergence or two hand weeding at 20 and 40 days after sowing

1999

Chillies

Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha or oxadiazon @ 0.5 kg/ha or fluchloralin @ 1.0 kg/ha as pre-transplant application (two days before transplant) in combination with one hand weeding at 45 days after transplant  or three hand weeding at 20, 45 and 75 days after transplant  fb three hoeing or three hand weeding only

2001

Tomato

Pendimethalin  or fluchloralin or butachlor @ 1.0 kg/ha or oxadiazon @ 0.50 kg/ha as post-transplant application (2-3 days after transplant) supplemented with one hand weeding and earthing-up at 45 days after transplant or five hand weeding at 20, 45, 60, 90 and 120 days after transplant

2002

Onion

Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha or oxadiazon @ 0.50 kg/ha or trifluralin @ 1.0 kg/ha as a pre-transplant or post-transplant (one or two days before or after transplant) or two hand weeding at 30 and 60 days after transplanting. Herbigation though effective and economical could not be recommended to the farmers as herbicides applied through this method have toxic effect on succeeding Kharif pearlmillet crop

2002

Okra

Pendimethalin or fluchloralin @ 1.0 kg/ha as pre-emergence fb one hand weeding at 45 days after sowing or two hand weeding at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing

2004

Cluster bean

Pendimethalin, fluchloralin, trifluralin or butachlor @ 0.5 kg/ha as pre-emergence with interculturing at 30 days after sowing or two interculturing operations and two hand weeding at 30 and 45 days after sowing.

2004

Maize-pigeon pea intercropping

Alachlor @ 0.5-1.00 kg/ha or oxadiazon @ 0.25 kg/ha as pre-emergence or three hand weeding at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing or inter-culturing and hand weeding at 30 and 60 days after sowing

2007

Maize

Mixture of pendimethalin @ 0.25 kg/ha + atrazine @ 0.50 kg/ha as pre-emergence or inter-culturing and hand weeding at 20 and 40 days after sowing

2009

Soybean

Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg/ha  fb hand weeding at 30 days after sowing  or post emergence application of quizalofop @ 50  g/ha  fb hand weeding at 30 days after sowing  or  interculturing and hand weeding at 20 & 40 days after sowing

2010

Groundnut

Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg/ha as pre-emergence  fb hand weeding at 40 days after sowing or post emergence application of quizalofop-ethyl or fenoxaprop-p-ethyl  @ 100 g/ha fb hand weeding at 40 days after sowing  or  interculturing and hand       weeding at 20 & 40 days after sowing

2013

Bt  Cotton

Inter culturing and hand weeding at 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing (DAS) in timely availability of laborer and in paucity of laborer per-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 900 g/ha fb IC+HW at 30 and 60 DAS or post emergence application (15-20 DAS) of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl or quizalofop-ethyl (any one) @ 50 g/ha fb IC+HW at 30 DAS for efficient weed management in Bt cotton.

The farmers of middle Gujarat agro-climatic zone growing soybean are recommended to adopt any of the following orders

Ø  Post-emergence (15-20 DAS) application of fluazifop-p-butyl 11.1% w/w + fomesafen 11.1% w/w SL 250 g a.i./ha (premix) or

Ø  Post-emergence (15-20 DAS) application of propaquizafop-p-butyl 2.5% + imazethapyr 3.75% w/w ME 125 g a.i./ha (premix) or

Ø  Post-emergence (15-20 DAS) application of imazethapyr 10% SL 100 g a.i./ha followed by IC + HW at 30 DAS  or

Ø  Pre-emergence (2-3 DAS) application of pendimethalin 30% EC 750 g a.i./ha followed by IC + HW at 30 DAS or

Ø  Pre-emergence (2-3 DAS) application of diclosulam 84% WDG 25.2 g a.i./ha followed by IC + HW at 30 DAS or

Ø  Pre-emergence (2-3 DAS) application of pendimethalin 30% + imazethapyr 2% EC 960 g a.i./ha (premix) followed by HW at 30 DAS for effective management of complex weed flora and higher net return.

No any residues of applied herbicides found in produce and soil. There was no adverse effect of herbicide applied in soybean on succeeding crops.

The farmers of middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone growing summer groundnut are recommended to adopt any of the following for effective management of complex weed flora and higher net return without any herbicide residues in produce and soil.

Ø  Pre-emergence (2-3 DAS) application of oxyfluorfen 23.5% EC 180 g a.i./ha (15.3 ml/10 litre of water) fb post-emergence (25-30 DAS) application of imazethapyr 10% SL 100 g a.i./ha (20 ml/10 litre of water)

Ø  Pre-emergence (2-3 DAS) application of oxyfluorfen 23.5% EC 180 g a.i./ha (15.3 ml/10 litre of water) fb post-emergence (25-30 DAS) application of imazethapyr 35% + imazamox 35% WG (premix) 70 g a.i./ha (2 g/10 litre of water)

Ø  Pre-emergence (2-3 DAS) application of oxyfluorfen 23.5% EC 180 g a.i./ha (15.3 ml/10 litre of water) fb interculturing and hand weeding at 40 DAS

Ø  Early post-emergence (10-15 DAS) application of imazethapyr 10% SL 100 g a.i./ha (20 ml/10 litre of water) fb interculturing and hand weeding at 40 DAS

Ø  Early post-emergence (10-15 DAS) application of fluazifop-p-butyl 11.1% w/w + fomesafen 11.1w/w SL (premix)250 g a.i./ha (20 ml/10 litre of water) fb interculturing and hand weeding at 40 DAS

Interculturing and hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS for effective management of complex weed flora

The farmers of middle Gujarat Agro climatic Zone growing rabi maize (GAYMH 3) are recommended to adopt any one of the following weed management practices for effective weed management, higher yield and net return.

• Atrazine 50% WP 1000 g a. i./ha PE (1-2 DAS) fb IC at 30 DAS or
• Topramezone 336 g/l w/v SC 25.2 g a.i./ha EPoE (15-20 DAS) fb IC + HW at 40 DAS or
• Topramezone 336 g/l w/v SC + atrazine 50% WP (25.2 + 500 g a.i./ha) EPoE (15-20 DAS) (tank mix) or
• Tembotrione 34.4% SC 120 g a.i./ha EPoE (15-20 DAS) fb IC + HW at 40 DAS or
• Tembotrione 34.4% SC + atrazine 50% WP (120 + 500 g a.i./ha) EPoE (15-20 DAS) (tank mix) or
• Interculturing at 20 and 40 DAS or
• IC fb HW at 20 and 40 DAS

The farmers of middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone growing turmeric are recommended to adopt any one of the following non chemical weed management practices for effective weed management and obtaining higher turmeric yield and net return.

Ø  IC + HW at 30 DAP fb paddy straw mulch 5 t/ha (30 DAP) fb HW at 75 DAP or

Ø  Paddy straw mulch 5 t/ha (0-3 DAP) fb HW at 30 and 75 DAP or

Ø  Wheat straw mulch 5 t/ha (0-3 DAP) fb HW at 30 and 75 DAP or

IC + HW at 30 DAP fb wheat straw mulch 5 t/ha (30 DAP) fb HW at 75 DAP

The farmers of middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone growing onion through transplanting are recommended to adopt any one of the following recommendation for obtaining higher onion bulb yield, effective management of weeds and higher net return.

• Ø Pendimethalin 38.7% CS 580.5 g/ha (30 ml/10 litre of water) at 2-3 days before transplanting (DBTP) or
• Ø Propaquizafop 5% + oxyfluorfen 12% w/w EC (PM) 43.75 +105 g/ha (17.5 ml/10 litre of water) at 25-30 days after transplanting (DATP) or
• Ø Pendimethalin 38.7% CS 580.5 g/ha (30 ml/10 litre of water) at 2-3 days before transplanting (DBTP) fb oxyfluorfen 23.5% EC 120 g/ha (10.2 ml/10 litre of water) at 25-30 days after transplanting (DATP) or
• Ø Oxyfluorfen 23.5% EC 120 g/ha (10.2 ml/10 litre of water) at 2-3 days after transplanting (DATP)  fb propaquizafop 5% + oxyfluorfen 12% w/w EC (PM) 43.75 +105 g/ha (17.5 ml/10 litre of water) at 25-30 days after transplanting (DATP)  or
• Ø HW at 20 and 40 days after transplanting (DATP).

There was no any adverse effect of applied herbicide in onion on succeeding crops.

The farmers of middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone raising onion seedlings as line sowing in nursery keeping the distance of 10 cm between row are recommended to adopt any one of the following recommendation for obtaining higher number of healthy transplantable onion seedlings, effective management of weeds and higher net return.

• Ø  Propaquizafop 5% + oxyfluorfen 12% w/w EC (PM) 43.75+105 g a.i./ha (17.5 ml/10 litre of water) at 10-15 DAS or
• Ø  Oxyfluorfen 23.5% EC 80 g a.i./ha (6.8 ml/10 litre of water) at 10-15 DAS or
• Ø  Pendimethalin 30% EC 300 g a.i./ha (20 ml/10 litre of water) at 1-2 DAS or
• Ø  Hand weeding at 15 and 30 DAS

There was no any adverse effect of applied herbicide in onion nursery on succeeding crops.